6. Respiration & Exercise

Success Criteria

Your learning has been successful if you can do the following:

I can define ‘respiration’.
I can explain why the type of respiration we do depends on our level of physical activity.
I can explain how respiration is linked to gas exchange and breathing.
I can carry out an investigation to find out how exercise affects breathing and respiration.

Vocabulary

Learn these so you can communicate this concept well.

Respiration: Life process by which energy is released from food.
Anaerobic respiration: Type of respiration that happens if the cell is not getting enough oxygen.
Aerobic respiration: Type of respiration that happens if the cell is getting plenty of oxygen.
Glucose: Comes from food and is needed for respiration.
Oxygen: Gas we need for respiration.
Carbon dioxide: Gas we produce from respiration.
Lactic acid: Toxin produced during anaerobic respiration. Too much built up in muscles causes pain.

Hei Mahi (Do Now)

Do Now

Find the card that has the definition that matches the keyword(s) you were given.

Exit Task

In your Learning Journal:

Re-write this interpreting question so it is asking about the Respiration & Exercise:

How does this relate to...?

Then, write an answer for it.

What is respiration?

RESPIRATION is the process by which energy is released from food.

It takes place inside the cell, and the cell can use this energy for life processes such as:

Building large molecules from small ones.
Movement - like when muscles contract.
Active transport - moving big molecules into and out of cells.

Humans get their energy from GLUCOSE, which comes from the food we eat.

There are two types of respiration, depending on how much oxygen the cell is getting.

If the cell is getting lots of oxygen, the cell will use the type of respiration that uses oxygen. This type of respiration is called AEROBIC RESPIRATION.
If the cell is not getting enough oxygen, the cell will use the type of respiration where oxygen is NOT used. This type of respiration is called AEROBIC RESPIRATION.

Aerobic Respiration (with Oxygen)

Aerobic respiration releases the most energy from glucose - much more than anaerobic respiration.

This released energy that cells can use is called ATP.

Carbon dioxide, water and heat are also produced.

Aerobic respiration releases energy more slowly than anaerobic respiration.

Anaerobic Respiration (without Oxygen)

Sometimes muscles have to work so hard that the gas exchange and circulatory systems cannot supply oxygen fast enough.

The muscles are able to use glucose without oxygen – this is anaerobic respiration – for around 1 – 3 minutes only. This process produces LACTIC ACID which builds up in the muscles and causes pain during exercise. This is because lactic acid is slightly toxic and makes the pH acidic. The pain that occurs is also our bodies way of making sure we ‘slow down’ and stop over-working the muscles. It is NOT the pain felt days after exercise.

Much less energy is released in anaerobic respiration than aerobic respiration.

Anaerobic respiration can release energy quickly, much faster than aerobic respiration.

When might muscles have to work anaerobically?

So how does exercise affect respiration and breathing?

When a person exercises and moves their cells need more oxygen. The body needs to increase the rate at which oxygen is put into the blood. The rate at which the person breathes in and out has to increase to support this. The person ends up breathing in and out more the more they exercise.

Think about this: A 50m freestyle swimmer going for Gold at the Olympics...

Do they take a breath when they swim the 50m?
What are their muscles doing to make them swim?
What processes are going on inside their muscle cells while they swim?
What kind of respiration will their cells be doing? Why?

Think about this: A 1500m freestyle swimmer going for Gold at the Olympics...

Do they take a breath when they swim the 1500m?
What are their muscles doing to make them swim?
What processes are going on inside their muscle cells while they swim?
What kind of respiration will their cells be doing? Why?

Grass Level Task - Wordwall!

Sun Level Task - Respiration & Exercise

Answer the following questions.

S1.10 (6) Respiration & Exercise.pdf

Sun Level Task - Bromothymol Blue Indicator

Carry out the following investigation.

S1.10 (6) Bromothymol Blue Indicator.pdf

Practice writing paragraphs at the 'Relational' level of SOLO Taxonomy

When explaining your ideas, make sure you are linking key concepts together.

For your assessment, try to make as many links as possible.

Structure → Function → Breathing → Gas Exchange → Respiration → Exercise.

Question 1: Choose ONE structure of the lung system. How does this structure help with breathing and gas exchange during exercise?

Structure...
Function...
Breathing...
Gas exchange...
Exercise...

The Trachea is lined with a number of C-shaped cartilage rings. The Cartilage rings support and allow the trachea to open the airway passage between the nasal cavity and the lungs. Without the C-shaped cartilage rings, the trachea may collapse, therefore prevent gases to enter and exit the lungs. This may results in a lack of oxygen that our cells may require for Respiration. Also an excess CO2 in the body will also affect vital organ function which may lead to Death.

Question 2: How does exercise affect the heart (and our pulse rate)?

Exercise...
Respiration...
Gas exchange...
Function...
Structure...

Exercise means that our cells need more energy, which means they need to do respiration more quickly. Respiration requires glucose and oxygen. Increasing the breathing rate results in our cells getting more oxygen for carry out Respiration. CO2 is an end product from Respiration. Because CO2 is a toxin, it will need to be excreted before it becomes dangerously high. Because of the demand for oxygen and build up of CO2, it will result in The Circulatory system (Heart) to pump blood faster around the body. As blood circulates back towards the lungs, CO2 will diffuse out to the alveoli. O2 will diffuse into the capillaries and travel to the away from the lungs to other body parts.

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